Adverbs of Product: Mastering Expressions of Outcome

Understanding adverbs of product is crucial for expressing the results or outcomes of actions in English. These adverbs clarify what something leads to or produces.

This comprehensive guide explains the definition, structure, types, usage rules, and common mistakes associated with adverbs of product. Whether you’re an ESL student, a writer, or simply someone looking to improve their grammar, this article will provide you with the knowledge and practice you need to use adverbs of product effectively and confidently.

By mastering adverbs of product, you’ll be able to construct more precise and impactful sentences, enhancing both your writing and speaking skills. Let’s dive in and explore the intricacies of this essential grammatical element.

Table of Contents

• Definition of Adverbs of Product
• Structural Breakdown of Adverbs of Product
• Types or Categories of Adverbs of Product
• Examples of Adverbs of Product
• Usage Rules for Adverbs of Product
• Common Mistakes with Adverbs of Product
• Practice Exercises
• Advanced Topics
• FAQ
• Conclusion

Definition of Adverbs of Product

An adverb of product is a type of adverb that indicates the result, consequence, or outcome of an action or event. These adverbs describe what something leads to or what is produced as a result. They provide essential context by specifying the end result, making the sentence’s meaning clearer and more complete.

Adverbs of product often answer the question “What was the result?” or “What did it produce?”. They are distinct from adverbs of manner (how something is done), adverbs of place (where something is done), and adverbs of time (when something is done).

Instead, they focus solely on the consequence or outcome.

Understanding and using adverbs of product correctly can significantly enhance the clarity and precision of your writing and speech. They allow you to express cause-and-effect relationships more effectively, making your communication more impactful.

For instance, consider the difference between “He worked hard” and “He worked hard, resulting in a promotion.” The latter sentence, with the adverbial phrase “resulting in a promotion,” provides a clear outcome of his hard work.

Classification

Adverbs of product can be classified based on their grammatical form:

• Single-word adverbs: Words like “therefore,” “consequently,” “thus,” “hence,” and “accordingly.”
• Adverbial phrases: Phrases that function as adverbs, such as “as a result,” “resulting in,” “leading to,” “in consequence,” and “with the effect of.”
• Adverbial clauses: Clauses that modify the verb and indicate the outcome, often introduced by conjunctions like “so that” or “in order that.”

Function

The primary function of an adverb of product is to indicate the outcome or result of an action or situation. They serve to:

• Show cause-and-effect relationships: Highlighting how one event leads to another.
• Provide additional information: Adding context by specifying the consequences of actions.
• Enhance clarity: Making the meaning of sentences more precise and complete.

Contexts

Adverbs of product are used in various contexts, including:

• Academic writing: To present research findings and draw conclusions.
• Business communication: To report results and explain the impact of decisions.
• Everyday conversation: To describe the consequences of actions and events.
• Narrative writing: To develop plot and show the repercussions of characters’ actions.

Structural Breakdown of Adverbs of Product

Understanding the structure of adverbs of product involves recognizing how they fit into sentences and the grammatical patterns they follow. These adverbs typically modify the verb or the entire clause to which they belong, indicating the result or outcome of the action.

The placement of adverbs of product can vary depending on the specific adverb and the desired emphasis. They can appear at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence.

However, the most common positions are at the beginning or in the middle, often after a comma.

Single-Word Adverbs

Single-word adverbs of product are often placed at the beginning of a sentence or clause, followed by a comma. They connect the preceding statement to the resulting outcome.

Examples:

• Therefore, we decided to cancel the event.
• Consequently, the project was delayed.
• Thus, the experiment confirmed our hypothesis.
• Hence, we must take immediate action.
• Accordingly, the necessary adjustments were made.

Adverbial Phrases

Adverbial phrases of product can be placed at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence. When placed at the beginning, they are usually followed by a comma.

When placed in the middle, they are often set off by commas.

Examples:

• As a result, the company’s profits increased.
• The heavy rain, resulting in flooding, caused significant damage.
• He studied diligently, leading to excellent grades.
• In consequence, the decision was reversed.
• The new policy was implemented, with the effect of improving efficiency.

Adverbial Clauses

Adverbial clauses of product are introduced by conjunctions that indicate purpose or result, such as “so that” or “in order that.” These clauses typically follow the main clause and provide the outcome or purpose of the action described in the main clause.

Examples:

• He saved money so that he could buy a car.
• She exercised regularly in order that she would stay healthy.
• They invested in new equipment so that they could increase production.

Types or Categories of Adverbs of Product

Adverbs of product can be categorized based on the specific type of outcome they describe. Understanding these categories can help you choose the most appropriate adverb for your intended meaning.

Consequence Adverbs

These adverbs indicate a direct consequence or result of an action. They emphasize the cause-and-effect relationship between two events.

Examples:

• Therefore
• Consequently
• As a result
• In consequence

Purpose Adverbs

These adverbs indicate the intended outcome or purpose of an action. They explain why something is done, focusing on the desired result.

Examples:

• So that
• In order that
• With the intention of

Resultant Adverbs

These adverbs describe the end product or outcome that is achieved as a result of an action. They highlight the final state or condition.

Examples:

• Resulting in
• Leading to
• With the effect of

Logical Conclusion Adverbs

These adverbs indicate a logical conclusion or inference that can be drawn from the preceding information. They suggest that the outcome is a reasonable and expected result.

Examples:

• Thus
• Hence
• Accordingly

Examples of Adverbs of Product

To illustrate the use of adverbs of product, consider the following examples categorized by type.

Consequence Examples

The following table provides a range of examples using adverbs that indicate a direct consequence.

Sentence	Adverb of Product
The company invested heavily in research and development; consequently, they launched several innovative products.	Consequently
The storm caused widespread damage; as a result, many people were left homeless.	As a result
The price of oil increased; therefore, the cost of transportation went up.	Therefore
He failed to submit his assignment on time; in consequence, he received a lower grade.	In consequence
The factory closed down; consequently, many workers lost their jobs.	Consequently
She studied diligently; as a result, she passed the exam with flying colors.	As a result
The government implemented new economic policies; therefore, the country’s economy began to recover.	Therefore
The marketing campaign was very successful; in consequence, sales increased significantly.	In consequence
The computer system crashed; consequently, all data was lost.	Consequently
The athlete trained hard every day; as a result, she won the gold medal.	As a result
The company reduced its workforce; therefore, productivity declined.	Therefore
He ignored the doctor’s advice; in consequence, his health deteriorated.	In consequence
The bridge collapsed; consequently, traffic was diverted.	Consequently
She practiced her speech repeatedly; as a result, she delivered a flawless presentation.	As a result
The interest rates were raised; therefore, borrowing became more expensive.	Therefore
The experiment failed; in consequence, the research team had to start over.	In consequence
The power outage occurred; consequently, the factory shut down.	Consequently
The new software was installed; as a result, the system ran more efficiently.	As a result
The company invested in employee training; therefore, customer satisfaction improved.	Therefore
The project was poorly managed; in consequence, it went over budget.	In consequence
The building was not properly maintained; consequently, it fell into disrepair.	Consequently
The new regulations were implemented; as a result, pollution levels decreased.	As a result
The government increased taxes; therefore, consumer spending declined.	Therefore
The company faced financial difficulties; in consequence, it declared bankruptcy.	In consequence
The car skidded on the ice; consequently, it crashed into a tree.	Consequently
She followed a strict diet; as a result, she lost weight.	As a result
The city implemented a recycling program; therefore, waste was reduced.	Therefore
He made a critical error; in consequence, the project was delayed.	In consequence

Purpose Examples

The following table provides examples of adverbs of product that indicate the intended outcome or purpose.

Sentence	Adverb of Product
He studied hard so that he could pass the exam.	So that
She exercised regularly in order that she would stay healthy.	In order that
They saved money so that they could buy a house.	So that
The government invested in education in order that the country would prosper.	In order that
He spoke clearly so that everyone could understand him.	So that
She woke up early in order that she wouldn’t miss the train.	In order that
They planted trees so that they could help the environment.	So that
The company launched a new marketing campaign in order that they could increase sales.	In order that
He practiced his presentation so that he wouldn’t be nervous.	So that
She learned to cook in order that she could prepare healthy meals.	In order that
They trained the dog so that it would obey commands.	So that
The scientist conducted experiments in order that he could discover new medicines.	In order that
He saved his vacation days so that he could take a long trip.	So that
She took notes in class in order that she could review the material later.	In order that
They installed security cameras so that they could prevent crime.	So that
The chef used fresh ingredients in order that the dish would taste delicious.	In order that
He studied the map so that he wouldn’t get lost.	So that
She wore a warm coat in order that she wouldn’t get cold.	In order that
They built a fence so that they could keep animals out of the garden.	So that
The teacher gave clear instructions in order that the students would understand the assignment.	In order that
He bought a new computer so that he could work more efficiently.	So that
She joined a fitness class in order that she could improve her health.	In order that
They organized a charity event so that they could raise money for the needy.	So that
The artist mixed the colors carefully in order that the painting would look vibrant.	In order that
He set an alarm clock so that he wouldn’t oversleep.	So that
She read the instructions carefully in order that she could assemble the furniture correctly.	In order that
They hired a professional photographer so that they could have beautiful wedding photos.	So that
The writer revised the manuscript in order that the book would be well-received.	In order that

Resultant Examples

The table below illustrates the use of adverbs of product that describe the achieved end product or outcome.

Sentence	Adverb of Product
The experiment was a success, resulting in a breakthrough discovery.	Resulting in
His dedication and hard work leading to a promotion.	Leading to
The new policies were implemented, with the effect of improving efficiency.	With the effect of
The heavy rain continued all night, resulting in severe flooding.	Resulting in
The company’s innovative marketing strategies leading to increased sales and profits.	Leading to
The doctor prescribed medication, with the effect of alleviating the patient’s symptoms.	With the effect of
The teacher’s engaging lessons resulting in improved student performance.	Resulting in
The athlete’s rigorous training schedule leading to outstanding achievements.	Leading to
The government’s economic reforms, with the effect of stabilizing the currency.	With the effect of
The company’s investment in new technology resulting in increased productivity.	Resulting in
The detective’s thorough investigation leading to the arrest of the suspect.	Leading to
The new regulations, with the effect of reducing pollution levels.	With the effect of
The scientist’s groundbreaking research resulting in a Nobel Prize.	Resulting in
The artist’s unique style leading to international recognition.	Leading to
The manager’s effective leadership, with the effect of boosting employee morale.	With the effect of
The chef’s creative recipes resulting in a Michelin star.	Resulting in
The architect’s innovative design leading to a prestigious award.	Leading to
The company’s customer service improvements, with the effect of increasing customer loyalty.	With the effect of
The writer’s compelling storytelling resulting in a bestseller.	Resulting in
The politician’s persuasive speeches leading to a landslide victory.	Leading to
The new traffic laws, with the effect of reducing accidents.	With the effect of
The company’s sustainable practices resulting in a positive environmental impact.	Resulting in
The doctor’s accurate diagnosis leading to a successful treatment.	Leading to
The teacher’s patient guidance, with the effect of helping students succeed.	With the effect of
The athlete’s mental strength resulting in overcoming challenges.	Resulting in
The company’s community outreach programs leading to improved public relations.	Leading to
The government’s infrastructure projects, with the effect of boosting economic growth.	With the effect of
The engineer’s innovative solution resulting in increased efficiency.	Resulting in

Logical Conclusion Examples

The subsequent examples use adverbs of product that present a logical conclusion based on the given information.

Sentence	Adverb of Product
The evidence was clear; thus, the jury reached a guilty verdict.	Thus
He failed to follow the instructions; hence, the project was unsuccessful.	Hence
The rules were clearly stated; accordingly, everyone followed them.	Accordingly
The data supported the hypothesis; thus, the research was validated.	Thus
The budget was limited; hence, we had to make some difficult decisions.	Hence
The plan was approved; accordingly, we proceeded with the implementation.	Accordingly
The forecast predicted rain; thus, we brought umbrellas.	Thus
The resources were scarce; hence, we had to prioritize our tasks.	Hence
The guidelines were established; accordingly, everyone adhered to them.	Accordingly
The experiment yielded positive results; thus, we published the findings.	Thus
The deadline was approaching; hence, we worked overtime.	Hence
The schedule was confirmed; accordingly, we made the necessary arrangements.	Accordingly
The analysis was thorough; thus, we were able to draw reliable conclusions.	Thus
The funding was approved; hence, we were able to start the project.	Hence
The protocol was established; accordingly, everyone followed it.	Accordingly
The research showed a clear correlation; thus, we concluded there was a causal relationship.	Thus
The supplies were limited; hence, we had to ration them.	Hence
The procedures were standardized; accordingly, everyone followed the same steps.	Accordingly
The study provided compelling evidence; thus, we accepted the theory.	Thus
The time was running out; hence, we had to make a quick decision.	Hence
The policies were clearly defined; accordingly, everyone understood their responsibilities.	Accordingly
The findings were consistent; thus, we were confident in our results.	Thus
The materials were expensive; hence, we used them sparingly.	Hence
The instructions were precise; accordingly, everyone followed them exactly.	Accordingly
The data was reliable; thus, we based our conclusions on it.	Thus
The space was limited; hence, we had to downsize our equipment.	Hence
The regulations were enforced; accordingly, everyone complied with them.	Accordingly

Usage Rules for Adverbs of Product

Using adverbs of product correctly requires attention to specific rules and guidelines. These rules ensure that the adverbs are used appropriately and effectively in sentences.

Punctuation

Adverbs of product, especially single-word adverbs and adverbial phrases, often require commas to separate them from the rest of the sentence. When placed at the beginning of a sentence, they are typically followed by a comma.

When placed in the middle, they are often set off by commas.

Examples:

• Therefore, we decided to proceed with the plan.
• The project, resulting in significant cost savings, was a success.

Placement

The placement of adverbs of product can affect the emphasis and clarity of the sentence. While they can appear in various positions, the most common and effective placements are at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence.

Examples:

• Consequently, the company’s profits increased. (Beginning)
• The company’s profits, consequently, increased. (Middle)

Choosing the Right Adverb

Selecting the appropriate adverb of product depends on the specific type of outcome you want to express. Consider the nuances of each adverb and choose the one that best conveys the intended meaning.

Examples:

• Use “therefore” to indicate a logical conclusion.
• Use “as a result” to indicate a direct consequence.
• Use “so that” to indicate a purpose or intention.

Avoiding Redundancy

Be careful not to use adverbs of product redundantly. Avoid using multiple adverbs that express the same outcome in a single sentence.

Incorrect: He worked hard, resulting in success, consequently achieving his goals.

Correct: He worked hard, resulting in success.

Formal vs. Informal Usage

Some adverbs of product are more common in formal writing and speech, while others are more appropriate for informal contexts. For example, “thus” and “hence” are more formal, while “so” and “therefore” can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Common Mistakes with Adverbs of Product

Several common mistakes can occur when using adverbs of product. Being aware of these mistakes can help you avoid them and improve your grammar.

Incorrect Punctuation

Mistake: Omitting commas when they are needed.

Incorrect: Therefore we decided to cancel the event.

Correct: Therefore, we decided to cancel the event.

Misplaced Adverbs

Mistake: Placing the adverb in an awkward or unclear position.

Incorrect: The resulting in the project’s success was due to hard work.

Correct: The project’s success was due to hard work, resulting in significant achievements.

Wrong Choice of Adverb

Mistake: Using an adverb that doesn’t accurately convey the intended meaning.

Incorrect: He studied hard in order that he failed the exam.

Correct: He didn’t study hard; consequently, he failed the exam.

Redundant Usage

Mistake: Using multiple adverbs with the same meaning in one sentence.

Incorrect: As a result consequently, the project was delayed.

Correct: Consequently, the project was delayed.

Incorrect Grammar

Mistake: Using the wrong grammatical structure after the adverb.

Incorrect: Leading to the company to increase profits.

Correct: Leading to the company’s increased profits.

Practice Exercises

Test your understanding of adverbs of product with the following exercises.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks

Complete the following sentences with an appropriate adverb of product.

Question	Answer
He studied diligently; ________, he passed the exam.	Therefore
The rain was heavy, ________ causing flooding.	Resulting in
She exercised regularly ________ she could stay healthy.	So that
The evidence was clear; ________, the jury reached a verdict.	Thus
The budget was limited; ________, we had to prioritize our tasks.	Hence
The new policies were implemented, ________ improving efficiency.	With the effect of
The company invested in research; ________, they launched new products.	Consequently
He saved money ________ he could buy a car.	So that
The rules were clearly stated; ________, everyone followed them.	Accordingly
The experiment was a success, ________ a breakthrough discovery.	Resulting in

Exercise 2: Correct the Mistakes

Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

Question	Answer
Therefore we decided to cancel the event.	Therefore, we decided to cancel the event.
The resulting in the project’s success was due to hard work.	The project’s success, resulting in significant achievements, was due to hard work.
He studied hard in order that he failed the exam.	He didn’t study hard; consequently, he failed the exam.
As a result consequently, the project was delayed.	Consequently, the project was delayed.
Leading to the company to increase profits.	Leading to the company’s increased profits.
She worked hard, resulting to success.	She worked hard, resulting in success.
Thus the research was validated.	Thus, the research was validated.
He saved money so that for buying a house.	He saved money so that he could buy a house.
The policies were clearly defined accordingly everyone understood their responsibilities.	The policies were clearly defined; accordingly, everyone understood their responsibilities.
The experiment yielded positive results resulting a publication.	The experiment yielded positive results, resulting in a publication.

Exercise 3: Sentence Construction

Create sentences using the following adverbs of product.

Adverb of Product	Sentence
Consequently	The factory closed down; consequently, many workers lost their jobs.
As a result	The storm caused widespread damage; as a result, many people were left homeless.
Therefore	The price of oil increased; therefore, the cost of transportation went up.
So that	He studied hard so that he could pass the exam.
In order that	She exercised regularly in order that she would stay healthy.
Resulting in	The experiment was a success, resulting in a breakthrough discovery.
Leading to	His dedication and hard work leading to a promotion.
Thus	The evidence was clear; thus, the jury reached a guilty verdict.
Hence	He failed to follow the instructions; hence, the project was unsuccessful.
Accordingly	The rules were clearly stated; accordingly, everyone followed them.

Advanced Topics

For advanced learners, exploring more complex aspects of adverbs of product can further enhance their understanding and usage.

Formal Writing

In formal writing, it’s crucial to use adverbs of product with precision and clarity. Opt for more formal adverbs like “thus,” “hence,” and “consequently” to maintain a sophisticated tone.

Nuances in Meaning

Pay close attention to the subtle differences in meaning between various adverbs of product. Understanding these nuances can help you choose the most appropriate adverb for your intended message.

Complex Sentence Structures

Incorporate adverbs of product into complex sentence structures to create more nuanced and sophisticated arguments. Use them to connect multiple ideas and show intricate cause-and-effect relationships.

Literary Devices

Explore the use of adverbs of product as literary devices to add depth and meaning to your writing. Use them to create emphasis, build suspense, or reveal character motivations.

FAQ

Here are some frequently asked questions about adverbs of product.

What is the difference between ‘therefore’ and ‘consequently’?

‘Therefore’ indicates a logical conclusion based on the preceding information, while ‘consequently’ indicates a direct result or outcome of an action or event. ‘Therefore’ is often used to show a reasoned deduction, whereas ‘consequently’ emphasizes the immediate impact of something.

Can I use ‘so that’ at the beginning of a sentence?

No, ‘so that’ is a subordinating conjunction that introduces an adverbial clause of purpose. It should be used to connect a main clause with a clause that explains the purpose or intention behind the action in the main clause.

It typically follows the main clause.

Is it correct to use multiple adverbs of product in one sentence?

Using multiple adverbs of product in one sentence is generally not recommended, as it can lead to redundancy and confusion. It’s better to choose one adverb that accurately conveys the intended meaning.

How do I avoid misplacing adverbs of product in my sentences?

Pay attention to the flow and clarity of your sentences. Place the adverb close to the element it modifies, typically at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence, and use commas to separate it from the rest of the sentence when necessary.

Are there any informal alternatives to formal adverbs of product like ‘thus’ and ‘hence’?

Yes, informal alternatives include ‘so,’ ‘therefore,’ and ‘as a result.’ These adverbs are more commonly used in everyday conversation and less formal writing.

Conclusion

Mastering adverbs of product is essential for clear and effective communication. By understanding their definition, structure, types, usage rules, and common mistakes, you can use these adverbs with confidence and precision.

Practice the exercises provided to reinforce your knowledge and enhance your ability to express cause-and-effect relationships in your writing and speech. With consistent effort, you’ll be able to use adverbs of product to create more impactful and meaningful sentences.